The centrifugal pump takes blood from the femoral vein (continuous blue line) and ejects it into the thoracic aorta (TA) (continuous red line). In the triple cannulation VV-A ECMO, the pump takes blood from femoral vein (continuous blue line) and LV (dashed lilac line), respectively and ejects it into the thoracic aorta (continuous red line). In the triple cannulation VA-A ECMO, the pump takes blood from FV (continuous blue line) and LA (dashed blue line), respectively and ejects it into the TA (continuous red line).

Electric analogue of the inlet and outlet cannula connected to the centrifugal pump. Qo_CANN (Qi_CANN) is the flow through the output (input) cannula. Ro_CANN, Co_CANN and Lo_CANN (Ri_CANN, Ci_CANN and Li_CANN) are the resistance, compliance and inertance of the outlet (inlet) cannula.

Waveforms reproduced for different rotational speed using equations shown in the previous slide. ΔP is the head pump pressure.

Panel A (B) shows the left (right) ventricular loops during baseline and VA_FV-TA-ECMO assistance. Blue (green) loops were obtained during baseline conditions and MV with Pt = -4 mmHg (Pt = +5 mmHg), dashed red (white) loops were obtained during VA_FV-TA-ECMO assistance and mechanical ventilation (MV) with Pt = -4 mmHg (Pt = +5 mmHg). Panel C (D) shows the left (right) ventricular loops during baseline and VA-A ECMO assistance. Blue (green) loops were obtained during baseline conditions and MV with Pt = -4 mmHg (Pt = +5 mmHg), dashed red (white) loops were obtained during VA-A ECMO assistance and MV with Pt = -4 mmHg (Pt = +5 mmHg). Panel E (F) shows the left (right) ventricular loops during baseline and VA_RA-DA-ECMO assistance. Blue (green) loops were obtained during baseline conditions and MV with Pt = -4 mmHg (Pt = +5 mmHg), dashed red (white) loops were obtained during VA_RA-DA-ECMO assistance and MV with Pt = -4 mmHg (Pt = +5 mmHg).

• Central left ventricular loop (left window) with NO ECMO support (black line)
• VA_FV==>TA-ECMO loop (blue line). The pump tackes blood from femoral vein (FV) and ejects it into thoracic aorta (TA)
• VV_IVC==>SVC-ECMO loop (red line). The pump tackes blood from inferior vena cava (IVC) and ejects it into superior vena cava (SVC)
• VA_RA==>DA-ECMO loop (green line). The pump tackes blood from right atrium (RA) and ejects it into descending aorta (DA)
• VV-A-ECMO loop (red line). The pump tackes blood from femoral vein (FV) and left ventricle (LV) and ejects it into thoracic aorta (TA)
• VA-A-ECMO loop (black line). The pump tackes blood from femoral vein (FV) and left atrium (LA) and ejects it into thoracic aorta (TA)