The pneumatic pulsatile flow pumps can be connected "in series" and/or "in parallel". When the pump is connecter "in series" ("in parallel") it takes blood from the ventricle (atrium) and ejects it into the aorta. Systemic (pulmonary) arterial sections is modelled using a modified windkessel with a systemic (pulmonary) arterial variable resistance Ras (Rap). Systemic (pulmonary) veous section is modelled with a variable resistance Rvs (simple resistance Rvp) and a compliance Cvs (Cvp). Pt is the mean intrathoracic pressure. In the electric analogue the behavior of the heart was implemented using the equations reported in the Numerical Heart Model (1) section.

CARDIOSIM^© library allow to assemble the cardiocirculatory network with biventricular Hemopump as shown in the slide. The network consists of the following sections: A] left and right heart; B] systemic arterial compartment; C] splanchnic and extrasplanchnic peripheral and venous circulation; D] peripheral and venous circulation in active muscle compartment; E] systemic thoracic veins; F] pulmonary arterial, peripheral and venous compartments; G] coronary circulation. Left (right) ventricular behaviour is described using a variable elastance model. A simple compliance is used in order to reproduce the behaviour of left (right) atrium. This representation permits to reproduce the only active phase of the atrium. In the electric analogue the behavior of the heart was implemented using the equations reported in the Numerical Heart Model (1) section. Equations used to solve the network are shown in "CVS & Hemopump: Equations" slides.